Telnet/Cli Commands

From NMTWiki

I quite often see on the forum and the WIKI various guides or apps that require some Telnet Cli knowledge.

These commands are what I collated from various guides and other sources. Please feel free to add/edit.

To Install Telnet use the Community_Software_Installer

You can use Telnet in a Windows environment by simply opening a Command Window and enter: telnet 192.168.1.xxx

Or you can use PuTTy and select Telnet option when you open PuTTy.

When asked for a login and password whichever guide you are using will normally ask you to login with username root and password field left blank/empty.

Contents 1 File Management 1.1 Filename Completion - The TAB key 2 System Management 3 Restart Services 4 System Information 5 Other References 6 Basic commands for the Linux vi Editor

File Management

Here are some useful commands for file manangement. Note that all file names are case sensitive.

To go to a directory

cd /directoryName

To go up a directory.

cd ..

Make a directory

mkdir /directoryName

List contents of Directory

dir (only in ftp)

or

ls

Check size of Directory and sub-directories

du -ah /path/to/dir

Find a file

find / -name fileName

Delete a file

rm fileName

Delete a directory and it's content

rm -r directoryName

• Note: Use this command with great care

Move or Rename a file

mv /sourceDirectory/sourceFile /destination

Copy a file

cp /sourceDirectory/sourceFile /destination

Copy groups of files

cp /sourceDirectory/*.* /destination

Copy a directory and any sub directories

cp -a /sourceDirectory /destinationpath

Create a uncompressed tar (.tar) archive

To create a uncompressed (.tar) archive of all files directories and subdirectories in the current directory

tar -cvf archivefilename.tar *

Create a compressed tar (.tgz) archive

To create a compressed (.tgz) archive of all files directories and subdirectories in the current directory

tar -cvzf archivefilename.tgz *

Unpack .tar archives

For uncompressed .tar archives

tar xvf file.tar

Unpack .tar.gz archives

For gzip compressed .tar.gz archives

tar xvzf file.tar.gz

Filename Completion - The TAB key

When typing any command (including the above examples), if you type part of a file name then immediate press the [TAB] button, then - if an existing file matches what is typed so far, the filename will be completed for you - if more than one file name is a possible match, it will beep, press [TAB] again and it will display the list of matching files. - if no file name matches it will probably beep.

This is well worth learning as it saves a lot of time and reduces typing errors.

System Management

Stop a process

kill processID

Stop a program

killall programName

View all processes

ps

View most active processes on the NMT (like Task Manager in Windows)

top

Example of how top may appear:

Mem: 82772K used, 6964K free, 0K shrd, 1280K buff, 61380K cached
Load average: 0.39 0.32 0.24
  PID USER     STATUS   VSZ  PPID %CPU %MEM COMMAND
 1913 root     R       1940  1892  1.5  2.1 top
  948 root     S      13092     1  0.1 14.5 gaya
  882 root     S       2856     1  0.1  3.1 upnpapp
 1029 root     S       1692     1  0.1  1.8 telnetd
  886 root     S       1400   884  0.1  1.5 mDNSNetMonitor
 1027 root     S        808     1  0.1  0.9 llink
 1079 nobody   S      39336  1059  0.0 43.8 httpd
 1082 nobody   S      39336  1059  0.0 43.8 httpd
 1078 nobody   S      39336  1059  0.0 43.8 httpd
 1081 nobody   S      39336  1059  0.0 43.8 httpd
 1080 nobody   S      39336  1059  0.0 43.8 httpd
 1059 nobody   S      39312     1  0.0 43.7 httpd
 1481 root     S      13092   948  0.0 14.5 gaya
 1482 root     S      13092  1481  0.0 14.5 gaya
 1110 root     S       6732     1  0.0  7.4 smbd
 1116 root     S       6732  1110  0.0  7.4 smbd
 1105 root     S       3640     1  0.0  4.0 nmbd
  884 root     S       2856   883  0.0  3.1 upnpapp
  885 root     S       2856   883  0.0  3.1 upnpapp
  883 root     S       2856   882  0.0  3.1 upnpapp
  877 root     S       2832     1  0.0  3.1 sybhttpd

(Exit with ctrl+C)

Restart Services

ftp

samba

System Information

Other References

Linux Bash Commands

Basic commands for the Linux vi Editor

The Linux VI Editor is a text based editor used Linux, useful for editing configuration files or creating plain text documents.

Command	Description
i	insert mode, (ESC to exit insert mode) allows text to be entered on the screen
a	Append to right mode
/word	Move to the occurrence of "word"
n	Locate the next occurrence
w	Advance to the next word
e	Advance to the next end of a word
b	Move to the previous word
3b	Move backward 3 words
yy	Copy line (then move cursor and use p to paste after current cursor line)
dd	delete line
3dd	delete 3 lines
D	Delete remainder of a line
dw	Delete word
x	Delete character
o	Open space for new line below the cursor line
O	Open a line above the cursor
CTRL-w	Move back a word in append mode
u	Undo last
U	Undo all changes to current line
.	In command mode, repeat the last text changing the command on the current line
:w newfilename	save the file to newfilename from the command mode
:wq	save and quit
:q!	quit without saving
r	replace then typa a character ot be replaced with r then return to break up a line
J	join 2 lines
s	substitute (sentence) typed text over a character, ESC when done
cw	change word
c	change part of a line from the cursor to the end of the line
cc	substitute new text for aline, ESC when done
h	move the cursor back one space
H	move the cursor to the highest line on the screen
L	move the cursor to the lowest line on the screen
M	position the cursor at the midpoint on the screen
G	last line in the file
0 (zero)	Move the cursor to the beginning of the line it is on
view filename	Open a file for viewing only
set number	Turn on line numbers
set nonumber	Turn off line numbers

Options

Command	Description
autoindent	(ai ctrl-d to move to the left
showmatch	match brackets and parenthesis
tabstop=4
wrapmargine(wm)	when line is wrapped (80-value)
:2 copy 4	Place a copy of line 2 after line 4.
:1,4 copy 7	(lines 1-4)
:n	Access the next file for editing